工商管理学是研究盈利性组织经营活动规律以及企业管理的理论、方法与技术的科学。这个专业的范围比较广，所学课程也较多，涵盖了经济学、管理学的很多课程，因此，工商管理是一门基础宽的学科，个人可以就此根据自己的爱好选择专业方向。比如企业管理、市场营销、人力资源、财务管理 会计 企业投资等。目前，社会上认为工商行政管理就是工商管理，其实这存在一些误区。工商管理与工商行政管理在专业培养目标、核心能力、专业课程等方面都有较大的区别。所以，二者不能作为一门专业对待。
when the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. housing is seldom mentioned.
why is that? to some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. we have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. then there is the scale of the typical housing project. it is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. but perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.
nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.
the comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. it needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.
there are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. the communities minister, don foster, has hinted that george osborne, chancellor of the exchequer, may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing gdp by 0.6%.
ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.
but it is not just down to the government. while these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then. the labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition's spending plans if it returns to power. the housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to the era of large-scale public grants. we need to adjust to this changing climate.
36. the author believes that the housing sector______.
[a] has attracted much attention
[b] has lost its real value in economy
[c] shoulders too much responsibility
[d] involves certain political factors
37. it can be learned that affordable housing has_____.
[a] suffered government biases
[b] increased its home supply
[c] offered spending opportunities
[d] disappointed the government
38. according to paragraph 5, george osborne may _____.
[a] prepare to reduce housing stock debt
[b] release a lifted gdp growth forecast
[c] allow greater government debt for housing
[d] stop local authorities from building homes
39. it can be inferred that a stable rental environment would _____.
[a] lower the costs of registered providers
[b] relieve the ministers of responsibilities
[c] contribute to funding new developments
[d] lessen the impact of government interference
40. the author believes that after 2015, the government may _____.
[a] implement more policies to support housing
[b] stop generous funding to the housing sector
[c] renew the affordable housing grants programme
[d] review the need for large-scale public grants
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